A process of disarmament seems to be interesting for public health and education, but the econometric studies yield contradictory results and the durability of the relation. Social reductions are more vulnerable than public expenditure. As regards development, it is incorrect to state that disarmament invariably leads to an improvement in well being, it may be the occasion of decline if it is accompanied by the maintenance of inequalities or by political, economic and military domination by another country. It is difficult to say that a weak process of disarmament by the Great Powers has positive effects for developing countries.