Defining AI Systems in the EU and Beyond: Assessing the Global Outreach of the AI Act’s Norms
Résumé
The aim of this working document is to assess the global reach of the European Union's regulatory influence on AI. Based on the final version of the EU AI Act, the analysis in this document focuses on how AI systems are defined and presents the hypothesis that the more rigid the definition of AI systems is, the less global the reach of the EU AI Act's standards will be, especially in states with a strong tendency towards AI sovereignty. A qualitative comparative analysis of four case studies (Brazil, Canada, Chile, USA) reveals persistent divergences between the two sides of the Atlantic regarding how AI and AI systems are defined. Since the main divergence in definitions is centred on the material scope of AI systems, the preliminary conclusion is that the global outreach of the EU AI Act is likely to be unsuccessful in the long term.
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