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            <title xml:lang="en">The advantages of a third party in the health executives “work organization”. A search - intervention based on an educationaldevice.</title>
            <title xml:lang="fr">Le bénéfice du tiers dans le « travail d’organisation » des cadres de santé</title>
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            <funder>Ce projet a été financé par le Ministère de la Santé dans le cadre d'un Programme Hospitalier de Recherche Infirmière et Paramédical (PHRIP 2011, n°26)</funder>
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                <term xml:lang="en">Quality</term>
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                <term xml:lang="en">Organization of care</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Learning process</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Hospital management</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Head nurse</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">Organisation des soins</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">Qualité</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">Organisation du travail</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">Processus apprentissage</term>
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              <p>The organisation of production care is a task that requires three different levels of competence: operational, structural and learning skills. The organisational requirements (OR) of the Head Nurse (HN) are often centered on the operational level, to the detriment of the two other levels. This difficulty is due to the organisation which presents limited political, cognitive and pragmatic levels of rationality. The aim of this study is to identify the impact of a third party in regards to the organisation and its effect of the HN’s OR. An educational device puts HN students in the position of a third party to allow them to work on an organisational problem delegated by a HN. The research-intervention followed 17 projects over one year.This device has legitimised the problem by recognizing the difficulties in nursing and re-configuring relations between healthcare professionals in a political dimension. The methods employed by the third party reassured the HN and completed their knowledge, bringing particular focus on the importance of methodology and managerial posture. In practice, the third party relaunched the HN in his power to act and coordinate different actors of a team. The third party helps develop the HN’s OR and complete certain limits of his rationality. Nevertheless, difficulties still remain in the development of practices outside the medical team, limiting its reach to other services.A unit managerial support, a collective schedule and open spaces of discussion are recommended to bring structure and support to the OR.</p>
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              <p>L'organisation de la production de soins peut être considérée comme un travail d'organisation (TO) décomposé en trois niveaux, opérationnel, organisationnel et d'apprentissage. Le TO du cadre de santé (CdS) se concentre souvent au niveau opérationnel, au détriment des deux autres niveaux. Cette difficulté vient de l’organisation qui présente une rationalité politique, cognitive et pragmatique limitée. L'objectif de l’étude est d'identifier l'impact d'un tiers sur l'organisation et l'effet sur le TO du CdS. Un dispositif pédagogique met des étudiants cadres en position de tiers pour travailler un problème organisationnel délégué par un CdS. La recherche-intervention a suivi 17 projets sur une année.L’action de ces tiers a permis de légitimer le problème, reconnaitre les difficultés des soignants, reconfigurer les relations dans une dimension politique. Les méthodes employées par le tiers ont réassuré le CdS et complété ses connaissances. Pour les CdS, les apprentissages de la démarche concernaient la méthodologie et la posture managériale. En pratique le tiers a relancé le CdS dans son pouvoir d'agir et synchronisé les interrelations autour du TO. Le tiers aide pour développer le TO et combler certaines limites de la rationalité politique, cognitive et pragmatique. Les difficultés à faire évoluer les pratiques au-delà de l'équipe soignante limite toutefois la portée de l’action.Il est préconisé une unité de soutien managérial pour apporter la structure et l'accompagnement au TO, de mettre à l'agenda collectif le TO et de développer des espaces de discussion sur le TO.</p>
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