Laboratory experimentation makes it possible to directly measure the attitudes and behaviour of individuals and to evaluate the causal effect of a variable on these attitudes and behaviour. To do this, individuals are put in a situation where they are asked to perform a certain number of tasks for which as many elements as possible are controlled (such as the duration of the task and the type of information given to participants). This approach can help to anticipate ex ante how individuals will respond to an intervention or can be used ex post to measure changes in behaviour following an intervention. It is particularly useful for uncovering non-conscious behavioural biases.