A Thin films Alkali Organic photovoltaic cells Thin films Solar cell 4-ethylenedioxythiophene Photoemission spectroscopy Band alignment XPS Band diagram BaTiO3 BTO Anode buffer layer 34-propylenedioxypiyrrole Solar cells CIGSe Photovoltaics Molybdenum oxide GaSe2 Surface morphology 4-propylenedioxythiophene 2D nanomaterials TIO2 Adsorption Titanium dioxide Interfaces Alpha-sexithiophene Electrical properties J-C Lamkaouane Absorption Band-gap ALPHA-AMYLASE ADDITIVE E171 A Buffer layer Aqueous colloidal solution ATR-FTIR Epitaxy Alkali fluoride postdeposition treatments 4-ethylenedioxypyrrole Tandem solar cells Atomic force microscopy 31P NMR Addou Ftouhi Bond valence excess H Anatase colloidal solution for printing Bernède Band gap gradient Ambipolar material Aminofluorene thiophene derivatives Reverse bias L Absorption spectroscopy CIGS Thin-film solar cells Planar heterojunction Silicon E171 Sodium Arzel A Fullerenes Planar heterojunctions Characterization Anatase Fill factor ABSORPTION Cattin ITO free electrode Organic solar cell Alternative buffers Raman CuIn Molybdenum trioxide A Interfaces Partial shading X-ray diffraction Actinide conditioning Anode PVD Aluminum phthalocyanine chloride Thin film Active layers Buffer layers Aniline and thiophene derivatives Back contact Organic solar cells Electropolymerization Aluminum-doped zinc oxide Alternative module structure ADSORPTION M Photoluminescence N-doping Ambipolar organic layer Nanoparticles Copper indium gallium selenide B Vapour deposition